Purchasing a property is one of the most significant financial decisions you will ever make. However, beyond the aesthetic appeal and the layout of the space, there are numerous “hidden” factors that can affect the true value of a property and its long-term quality. These factors are not always visible at first glance, but they can have a significant impact on your investment. Furthermore, if the property is several years old, it is even more crucial to carefully inspect these aspects before making a decision.
In this article, we will guide you through the essential elements that need to be checked both inside the property and in its surrounding environment. From the condition of the building’s internal systems to evaluating the area in which it is located, every detail can significantly influence the longevity and profitability of your purchase.
1. Check the Condition of Roofs and Covers
One of the first aspects to evaluate is the condition of the roof, as it is one of the most critical parts of any property. A damaged roof can lead to water leaks, which can harm the internal structure and cause serious problems with moisture, mold, and mildew. To conduct an effective inspection, be sure to verify the following:
- Water Leaks or Damp Spots: Inspect the walls near the ceiling, especially in corners or areas where water may accumulate. Dark spots or areas with mold could indicate previous or current roof leaks.
- Broken or Worn Roof Tiles or Materials: Check the roof tiles or materials to see if any are broken, lifted, or damaged. This could allow water to seep in and affect the internal structure of the property.
- Flat Roofs: If the property has a flat roof, it is essential to check the drains and the roof’s slope. Flat roofs can accumulate water if they do not have an adequate slope or if the drains are blocked, leading to leaks and long-term damage to the building’s structure.
2. Building Facade
The facade is one of the most exposed elements of any property, and its condition is a good indicator of the overall health of the building. Additionally, the appearance of the facade also influences the perception of the property by potential buyers or tenants. Key aspects to consider when inspecting the facade include:
- Cracks and Fissures in the Exterior Walls: Cracks in the facade may be a sign of structural movement, building settlement, or foundation issues. Small fissures may be normal in older buildings, but large or deep cracks should be investigated, as they could indicate a serious problem.
- Condition of Exterior Finishes: Check if the exterior cladding, whether paint, brick, stone, or concrete, is in good condition. Worn or peeling paint, cracked cladding, or damaged bricks can indicate that the building needs maintenance.
- Moisture or Mold on Exterior Walls: In humid areas, exterior walls may accumulate mold or mildew. If you notice dark spots or wet areas, it could be a sign of water infiltration or issues with the building’s drainage system.
- Condition of Balconies and Terraces: If the property has balconies or terraces, check the condition of the metal or concrete structures. Make sure there is no corrosion, excessive wear, or damage to the railings, especially if the terraces are for communal or shared access.
3. Inspection of Hydraulic Pumps and Plumbing System
The hydraulic and plumbing systems are another area that is often overlooked during an initial inspection, but they can be a source of long-term costs and problems if not properly checked. Be sure to evaluate the following:
- Water Pressure: Check the water pressure at all faucets and showers in the property. Low or inconsistent pressure may indicate issues with the hydraulic pumps or pipes.
- Leaks in Pipes: Inspect visible pipes for signs of corrosion, leaks, or excessive moisture. Older pipes may corrode over time, potentially leading to leaks and structural damage if not repaired.
- Pumps and Heating Systems: If the property has central heating or water pumps, check their functionality. These systems have a limited lifespan, and their replacement or repair can be expensive if they fail in the future.
4. Evaluation of the Electrical System
A faulty electrical system can pose a significant risk to the safety and well-being of the property’s occupants. It is crucial to thoroughly inspect the electrical system, especially if the property is more than 20 years old. Some key aspects to evaluate include:
- Exposed or Damaged Wires: Damaged, exposed, or deteriorated wiring presents a fire hazard. Make sure there are no visible wires in poor condition or improperly repaired.
- Switches and Outlets: Ensure that all switches and outlets function correctly. Frequent failures, sparking, or excessive heat at the outlets are signs that the electrical system should be inspected.
- Load Capacity: Older electrical systems may not be able to handle the electrical load of modern equipment like appliances, computers, and entertainment systems. Check if the system has been updated and if it can support the household’s electrical needs.
5. The Importance of the Building’s Age
The age of a property can have a significant impact on the state of its infrastructure. While many older buildings have solid structural integrity, the aging of internal systems (such as electricity, plumbing, roofing, and finishes) may lead to higher maintenance costs. It is especially important that a specialized inspector checks:
- Foundation and Structure: As a building ages, its structure may experience wear and tear. If you notice large cracks in the walls or floor, this could indicate a compromised foundation. This is particularly important in buildings over 30 years old.
- Previous Repairs and Renovations: Inquire about any repairs or renovations that have been done to the property. If recent renovations were made, check if quality materials were used and whether they comply with local building codes.
6. Visual and General Evaluation of the Property
While technical inspections are essential, a visual evaluation of the property also provides valuable insight into its general condition and maintenance. Some aspects to look for include:
- Cracks in the Walls: Small fissures in the walls are common in older buildings, but large cracks, especially in load-bearing walls, may indicate structural issues or moisture problems.
- Windows and Doors: Check that windows and doors open and close properly. Excessive wear on these elements may indicate poor maintenance.
- Floors and Finishes: Inspect the floors to ensure they are level and undamaged. The finishes (furniture, paint, tiles, etc.) should also be in good condition. A deteriorated floor or finish may need to be replaced soon, which would add to maintenance costs.